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1 heat insulation material
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > heat insulation material
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2 теплоизоляционные материалы
теплоизоляционные материалы
Материалы с низкой теплопроводностью, применяющиеся для тепловой изоляции в печах и др. тепловых агрегатах. К ним прежде всего относят т. н. легковесные огнеупоры общей пористостью > 45 % при у^ = = 0,15-Н,5 г/см3. Используются шамот., динас., высокоглинозем., корунд., циркон, и др. легковесные огнеупоры преимущ. в виде кирпичей, блоков разного профиля. Теплопроводность их в 2—5 раз меньше, чем у изделий обычной плотности. Применяются тж. волокнистые т. м. из огнеупорных волокон и минеральных вяжущих вещ-в (теплопроводность их при высоких темп-pax в 1,5—2,0 раза ниже, чем ячеистых т. м.).
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EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > теплоизоляционные материалы
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3 теплоизоляционный материал
1) Naval: thermal insulant2) Engineering: frost-protection material, heat-insulation material, thermal insulator3) Construction: ambrain (из силикатов), frost protection material, heat insulating material, thermal insulating material, thermal insulation material4) Railway term: diatomite5) Automobile industry: heat insulator, heat-insulating material6) Metallurgy: heat-insulating substance7) Automation: lagging material, thermally insulating material8) Building materials: HIM, TIM, heat insulation material, ТИМУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > теплоизоляционный материал
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4 теплоизолирующий материал
1) Automobile industry: heat insulator2) Astronautics: coating material3) Building materials: HIM, TIM, heat insulating material, heat insulation material, thermal insulating material, thermal insulation material, ТИМУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > теплоизолирующий материал
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5 HIM
Building materials: TIM, heat insulating material, heat insulation material, thermal insulating material, thermal insulation material -
6 TIM
Building materials: HIM, heat insulating material, heat insulation material, thermal insulating material, thermal insulation material -
7 ТИМ
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8 Тим
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9 термоизолирующий материал
Building materials: HIM, TIM, heat insulating material, heat insulation material, thermal insulating material, thermal insulation material, ТИМУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > термоизолирующий материал
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10 термоизоляционный материал
1) Construction: thermal insulating material2) Building materials: HIM, TIM, heat insulating material, heat insulation material, thermal insulation material, ТИМУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > термоизоляционный материал
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11 ЖКП
1) Polymers: жидкокристаллический полимер, LCP, liquid crystal polymer2) Building materials: liquid ceramic heat insulation, liquid ceramic thermal insulation -
12 жидкая теплоизоляция
Building materials: liquid heat insulation, liquid thermal insulationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > жидкая теплоизоляция
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13 жидкая термоизоляция
Building materials: liquid heat insulation, liquid thermal insulationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > жидкая термоизоляция
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14 жидкое керамическое покрытие
Building materials: liquid ceramic heat insulation, liquid ceramic thermal insulation, ЖКПУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > жидкое керамическое покрытие
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15 жидкое керамическое теплоизоляционное покрытие
Building materials: liquid ceramic heat insulation, liquid ceramic thermal insulation, ЖКПУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > жидкое керамическое теплоизоляционное покрытие
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16 теплоизоляционный блок
1) Silicates: insulating slab (печи)2) Oil&Gas technology freeze box (морского водопроводного стояка)3) Building materials: heat insulation blockУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > теплоизоляционный блок
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17 целлюлозный утеплитель
Building materials: cellulose heat insulationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > целлюлозный утеплитель
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18 сопротивление
( среды) drag, impedance, impact resistance, resistance* * *сопротивле́ние с.1. ( свойство) resistance; oppositionока́зывать сопротивле́ние — offer resistance [opposition] to …2. ( резистор) resistorакти́вное сопротивле́ние эл. — resistanceакусти́ческое сопротивле́ние — acoustic resistanceаэродинами́ческое сопротивле́ние — aerodynamic [air] drag, air resistance, resistance to air-flowбалансиро́вочное сопротивле́ние аргд. — trim dragбалла́стное сопротивле́ние1. ballast resistance2. ballast resistorблокиро́вочное сопротивле́ние рад.-эл. — by-pass resistorбрызгово́е сопротивле́ние — spray resistance, spray dragсопротивле́ние ве́нтильного про́вода ( криотрона) — gate resistanceвихрево́е сопротивле́ние аргд. — vortex drag, vortex resistanceсопротивле́ние возде́йствию хими́ческих реаге́нтов — resistance to attack by chemicalsсопротивле́ние во́здуха аргд. — air drag, air resistance, resistance to airflowволново́е сопротивле́ние1. мех. wave resistance, wave drag2. эл., свз. characteristic [wave] impedance3. аргд. shockwave dragвре́менное сопротивле́ние сопр. — ultimate strengthвходно́е сопротивле́ние — input resistanceсопротивле́ние в цепи́ возбужде́ния — field resistanceсопротивле́ние в цепи́ като́да1. cathode resistance2. cathode resistorсопротивле́ние в цепи́ се́тки1. grid resistance2. grid resistorсопротивле́ние вы́пуска двс. — exhaust resistance, back pressure of exhaustвыходно́е сопротивле́ние — output resistanceвя́зко(стно)е сопротивле́ние — viscous resistance, viscous dragгася́щее сопротивле́ние эл.1. damping resistance2. (voltage) dropping resistorгидравли́ческое сопротивле́ние тепл. — pressure [friction] lossгидродинами́ческое сопротивле́ние — hydrodynamic resistance, hydrodynamic dragсопротивле́ние го́лого ко́рпуса мор. — bare-hull [naked-hull] resistanceсопротивле́ние давле́ния — pressure resistance, pressure dragсопротивле́ние движе́нию — tractive resistanceдинами́ческое сопротивле́ние ( магнитоуправляемого контакта) — dynamic contact resistanceсопротивле́ние дио́дного дете́ктора вну́треннее ( переменному току — сигналу) — diode conduction [diode slope] resistanceдифференциа́льное сопротивле́ние — incremental resistanceдоба́вочное сопротивле́ние ( измерительного прибора)1. series [multiplier] resistance2. series resistorё́мкостное сопротивле́ние — capacitive reactance, capacitive impedanceсопротивле́ние заземле́ния — earthing resistanceзаря́дное сопротивле́ние — charging resistorсопротивле́ние затво́ра ( полевого транзистора) — gate resistanceсопротивле́ние изги́бу — bending strength, resistance to bendingизмери́тельное сопротивле́ние — instrument resistorсопротивле́ние изно́су — resistance to wearсопротивле́ние изоля́ции — insulation resistanceи́мпульсное сопротивле́ние мор. — momentum resistance, momentum dragиндукти́вное сопротивле́ние1. эл. ( полное) inductive impedance; ( реактивное) inductive reactance2. аргд. drag due to [from] lift, induced [lift] dragиндукти́вное сопротивле́ние рассе́яния эл. — leakage inductive reactanceсопротивле́ние истира́нию — attrition [scuff, abrasion] resistanceсопротивле́ние исто́ка ( полевого транзистора) — source resistanceсопротивле́ние кана́ла ( полевого транзистора) — channel resistanceсопротивле́ние колле́ктора ( транзистора) — collector resistanceко́мплексное сопротивле́ние — complex impedance, (vector) impedanceконта́ктное сопротивле́ние — contact resistanceсопротивле́ние коро́ткого замыка́ния — short-circuit impedanceсопротивле́ние корро́зии — corrosion resistance, resistance to corrosionсопротивле́ние котлоагрега́та, аэродинами́ческое — draught lossсопротивле́ние котлоагрега́та, га́зовое — draught lossсопротивле́ние котлоагрега́та, про́фильное — profile drag, profile lossсопротивле́ние ла́мпы переме́нному то́ку, вну́треннее — брит. anode slope resistance; амер. dynamic plate resistanceсопротивле́ние ла́мпы постоя́нному то́ку, вну́треннее — (internal) d.c. resistanceсопротивле́ние круче́нию — torsional rigidity, torsional strengthлобово́е сопротивле́ние аргд. — drag, head [frontal] resistanceмагни́тное сопротивле́ние — reluctance, magnetic resistanceмагни́тное, уде́льное сопротивле́ние — specific reluctance, reluctivityсопротивле́ние материа́лов — strength of materialsсопротивле́ние на высо́ких часто́тах — high-frequency resistanceсопротивле́ние нагру́зки — load impedanceнагру́зочное сопротивле́ние — load resistorсопротивле́ние насыще́ния — saturation resistanceнача́льное сопротивле́ние ( тензорезистора) — initial gauge resistanceобра́тное сопротивле́ние — back resistanceобъё́мное сопротивле́ние — cubic [volume] resistanceоми́ческое сопротивле́ние — ohmic [d.c.] resistanceоста́точное сопротивле́ние мор. — residuary resistance, residuary dragотрица́тельное сопротивле́ние — negative resistanceотса́сывающее сопротивле́ние — bleeder resistorсопротивле́ние отсла́иванию — resistance to peeling, resistance to separationпаралле́льное сопротивле́ние — shunt resistanceпереме́нное сопротивле́ние — variable resistanceсопротивле́ние переме́нному то́ку — alternating current [a.c.] resistanceсопротивле́ние перехо́да полупр. — junction resistanceперехо́дное сопротивле́ние — contact resistanceсопротивле́ние пове́рхностного тре́ния — skin (friction) resistanceпове́рхностное сопротивле́ние — surface resistanceсопротивле́ние ползу́чести — creep resistanceпо́лное сопротивле́ние1. эл. impedanceпо́лное сопротивле́ние це́пи име́ет ё́мкостный хара́ктер — the circuit exhibits a capacitive impedance; the impedance of the circuit is capacitive in its effectсогласо́вывать по́лное сопротивле́ние — match impedance2. мор. total resistance, total dragпо́лное, вноси́мое сопротивле́ние (эффект активной нагрузки на сопротивление первичной цепи трансформатора, связанных контуров) — брит. coupled impedance; амер. reflected impedanceпо́лное сопротивле́ние в опера́торной фо́рме — operational impedanceпо́лное, входно́е сопротивле́ние — input impedance; ( в измерительных приборах) input impedance, input RCпо́лное, выходно́е сопротивле́ние — output impedanceпо́лное сопротивле́ние на входны́х зажи́мах ( четырёхполюсника) — driving-point impedanceпо́лное, переда́точное сопротивле́ние ( четырёхполюсника) — transfer impedanceпо́лное, переда́точное обра́тное сопротивле́ние — reverse transfer impedanceпо́лное, переда́точное прямо́е сопротивле́ние — forward transfer impedanceпо́лное, согласо́ванное сопротивле́ние — matched impedanceпо́лное сопротивле́ние холосто́го хо́да ( в теории цепей) — open-circuit impedanceпостоя́нное сопротивле́ние1. fixed resistance2. fixed resistorсопротивле́ние постоя́нному то́ку — direct-current [d.c.] resistanceсопротивле́ние по́чвы — soil reactionсопротивле́ние, приведё́нное (к перви́чной це́пи) — ( активное) resistance referred to (the primary side); ( полное) impedance referred to (the primary side)про́волочное сопротивле́ние — wire-wound resistorсопротивле́ние продо́льному изги́бу — resistance to lateral bending, buckling resistanceпусково́е сопротивле́ние — starting resistorразвя́зывающее сопротивле́ние свз. — decoupling resistorсопротивле́ние разда́вливанию сопр. — crushing strengthсопротивле́ние разры́ву — rupture [breaking] strengthразря́дное сопротивле́ние1. discharge resistance2. discharging resistorраспределё́нное сопротивле́ние — distributed resistanceсопротивле́ние растяже́нию — tensile strengthреакти́вное сопротивле́ние — reactance, reactive impedanceрегулиро́вочное сопротивле́ние — adjusting resistanceрегули́руемое сопротивле́ние — adjustable resistorрезона́нсное сопротивле́ние ( пьезоэлектрического резонатора) — resonance resistanceсопротивле́ние светово́му старе́нию — light-ageing resistanceсопротивле́ние свя́зи — coupling impedanceсопротивле́ние сдви́гу — shear(ing) strengthсопротивле́ние сдви́гу армату́ры в бето́не — bond resistanceсопротивле́ние се́тки, антипарази́тное радио — grid suppressorсе́точное сопротивле́ние — grid resistorсопротивле́ние сжа́тию — compressive [compression] strength, resistance to compressionсопротивле́ние ска́лыванию — cleavage strengthсопротивле́ние скольже́нию — slip resistanceсло́жное сопротивле́ние сопр. — resistance to combined stressсопротивле́ние смеще́ния рад.-эл. — bias resistorсосредото́ченное сопротивле́ние — lumped resistanceсоставно́е сопротивле́ние — composite resistorсопротивле́ние сре́зу — shear(ing) strengthсопротивле́ние сре́зу, вре́менное — ultimate shear(ing) strengthсопротивле́ние сто́ка ( полевого транзистора) — drain resistanceсопротивле́ние те́ла аргд. — body dragтемново́е сопротивле́ние — dark resistanceтемперату́рно-зави́симое сопротивле́ние — temperature-dependent resistorтеплово́е сопротивле́ние — thermal [heat] resistanceтерми́ческое сопротивле́ние — thermal [heat] resistanceтермометри́ческое сопротивле́ние — thermometer resistorсопротивле́ние тре́нию — friction resistanceтя́говое сопротивле́ние — draught resistanceсопротивле́ние уда́ру — impact resistance, shock strengthуде́льное сопротивле́ние — resistivity, specific resistanceуде́льное, объё́мное сопротивле́ние — volume resistivityуде́льное, пове́рхностное сопротивле́ние — surface resistivityуправля́емое цифрово́е сопротивле́ние — gated resistance networkсопротивле́ние уста́лости — fatigue resistance, endurance strengthустано́вочное сопротивле́ние ( в компенсаторах) эл. — standardizing resistorсопротивле́ние уте́чки1. leak(age) resistance2. bleeder (resistor)сопротивле́ние фо́рмы мор. — form resistance, form dragхарактеристи́ческое сопротивле́ние — characteristic impedanceсопротивле́ние шерохова́тости мор. — roughness resistance, roughness dragшунти́рующее сопротивле́ние ( линейного потенциометра) — padding resistorэквивале́нтное сопротивле́ние — equivalent resistanceэквивале́нтное, шумово́е сопротивле́ние — equivalent noise resistanceэлектри́ческое сопротивле́ние — electric(al) resistanceэтало́нное сопротивле́ние — standard resistance -
19 означать
Означать - to mean, to imply, to infer, to connote, to involve, to make sense (говорить о); to stand for, to refer to (о сокращениях); to denote (означать собой); to represent (о значках, буквах); to translate into (обуславливать)Do the measured results infer a risk of brittle fracture in large structures?Peaking service connotes rapid response, high number of cycles and low operating hours per year. Peaking power also means pressure for minimum first cost.A particular choice involves favoring one design criterion over another.This interaction of failure modes implies the exhaustion of creep life once the critical creep-initiated crack has occurred.Multi Just stands for Multiple Justification.Throughout this guide, "Qbasic" refers to MS-DOS Qbasic.EMIS stands for Electronic Materials Information Service.Examination denotes the performance of all visual observations and nondestructive tests.The asterisk represents the factory setting.Low values of M represent a lower likelihood of flutter.Improved combustion chamber insulation translates into less heat removal through the engine and more heat energy converted into useful work.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > означать
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20 Edison, Thomas Alva
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Automotive engineering, Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Metallurgy, Photography, film and optics, Public utilities, Recording, Telecommunications[br]b. 11 February 1847 Milan, Ohio, USAd. 18 October 1931 Glenmont[br]American inventor and pioneer electrical developer.[br]He was the son of Samuel Edison, who was in the timber business. His schooling was delayed due to scarlet fever until 1855, when he was 8½ years old, but he was an avid reader. By the age of 14 he had a job as a newsboy on the railway from Port Huron to Detroit, a distance of sixty-three miles (101 km). He worked a fourteen-hour day with a stopover of five hours, which he spent in the Detroit Free Library. He also sold sweets on the train and, later, fruit and vegetables, and was soon making a profit of $20 a week. He then started two stores in Port Huron and used a spare freight car as a laboratory. He added a hand-printing press to produce 400 copies weekly of The Grand Trunk Herald, most of which he compiled and edited himself. He set himself to learn telegraphy from the station agent at Mount Clements, whose son he had saved from being run over by a freight car.At the age of 16 he became a telegraphist at Port Huron. In 1863 he became railway telegraphist at the busy Stratford Junction of the Grand Trunk Railroad, arranging a clock with a notched wheel to give the hourly signal which was to prove that he was awake and at his post! He left hurriedly after failing to hold a train which was nearly involved in a head-on collision. He usually worked the night shift, allowing himself time for experiments during the day. His first invention was an arrangement of two Morse registers so that a high-speed input could be decoded at a slower speed. Moving from place to place he held many positions as a telegraphist. In Boston he invented an automatic vote recorder for Congress and patented it, but the idea was rejected. This was the first of a total of 1180 patents that he was to take out during his lifetime. After six years he resigned from the Western Union Company to devote all his time to invention, his next idea being an improved ticker-tape machine for stockbrokers. He developed a duplex telegraphy system, but this was turned down by the Western Union Company. He then moved to New York.Edison found accommodation in the battery room of Law's Gold Reporting Company, sleeping in the cellar, and there his repair of a broken transmitter marked him as someone of special talents. His superior soon resigned, and he was promoted with a salary of $300 a month. Western Union paid him $40,000 for the sole rights on future improvements on the duplex telegraph, and he moved to Ward Street, Newark, New Jersey, where he employed a gathering of specialist engineers. Within a year, he married one of his employees, Mary Stilwell, when she was only 16: a daughter, Marion, was born in 1872, and two sons, Thomas and William, in 1876 and 1879, respectively.He continued to work on the automatic telegraph, a device to send out messages faster than they could be tapped out by hand: that is, over fifty words per minute or so. An earlier machine by Alexander Bain worked at up to 400 words per minute, but was not good over long distances. Edison agreed to work on improving this feature of Bain's machine for the Automatic Telegraph Company (ATC) for $40,000. He improved it to a working speed of 500 words per minute and ran a test between Washington and New York. Hoping to sell their equipment to the Post Office in Britain, ATC sent Edison to England in 1873 to negotiate. A 500-word message was to be sent from Liverpool to London every half-hour for six hours, followed by tests on 2,200 miles (3,540 km) of cable at Greenwich. Only confused results were obtained due to induction in the cable, which lay coiled in a water tank. Edison returned to New York, where he worked on his quadruplex telegraph system, tests of which proved a success between New York and Albany in December 1874. Unfortunately, simultaneous negotiation with Western Union and ATC resulted in a lawsuit.Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for a telephone in March 1876 while Edison was still working on the same idea. His improvements allowed the device to operate over a distance of hundreds of miles instead of only a few miles. Tests were carried out over the 106 miles (170 km) between New York and Philadelphia. Edison applied for a patent on the carbon-button transmitter in April 1877, Western Union agreeing to pay him $6,000 a year for the seventeen-year duration of the patent. In these years he was also working on the development of the electric lamp and on a duplicating machine which would make up to 3,000 copies from a stencil. In 1876–7 he moved from Newark to Menlo Park, twenty-four miles (39 km) from New York on the Pennsylvania Railway, near Elizabeth. He had bought a house there around which he built the premises that would become his "inventions factory". It was there that he began the use of his 200- page pocket notebooks, each of which lasted him about two weeks, so prolific were his ideas. When he died he left 3,400 of them filled with notes and sketches.Late in 1877 he applied for a patent for a phonograph which was granted on 19 February 1878, and by the end of the year he had formed a company to manufacture this totally new product. At the time, Edison saw the device primarily as a business aid rather than for entertainment, rather as a dictating machine. In August 1878 he was granted a British patent. In July 1878 he tried to measure the heat from the solar corona at a solar eclipse viewed from Rawlins, Wyoming, but his "tasimeter" was too sensitive.Probably his greatest achievement was "The Subdivision of the Electric Light" or the "glow bulb". He tried many materials for the filament before settling on carbon. He gave a demonstration of electric light by lighting up Menlo Park and inviting the public. Edison was, of course, faced with the problem of inventing and producing all the ancillaries which go to make up the electrical system of generation and distribution-meters, fuses, insulation, switches, cabling—even generators had to be designed and built; everything was new. He started a number of manufacturing companies to produce the various components needed.In 1881 he built the world's largest generator, which weighed 27 tons, to light 1,200 lamps at the Paris Exhibition. It was later moved to England to be used in the world's first central power station with steam engine drive at Holborn Viaduct, London. In September 1882 he started up his Pearl Street Generating Station in New York, which led to a worldwide increase in the application of electric power, particularly for lighting. At the same time as these developments, he built a 1,300yd (1,190m) electric railway at Menlo Park.On 9 August 1884 his wife died of typhoid. Using his telegraphic skills, he proposed to 19-year-old Mina Miller in Morse code while in the company of others on a train. He married her in February 1885 before buying a new house and estate at West Orange, New Jersey, building a new laboratory not far away in the Orange Valley.Edison used direct current which was limited to around 250 volts. Alternating current was largely developed by George Westinghouse and Nicola Tesla, using transformers to step up the current to a higher voltage for long-distance transmission. The use of AC gradually overtook the Edison DC system.In autumn 1888 he patented a form of cinephotography, the kinetoscope, obtaining film-stock from George Eastman. In 1893 he set up the first film studio, which was pivoted so as to catch the sun, with a hinged roof which could be raised. In 1894 kinetoscope parlours with "peep shows" were starting up in cities all over America. Competition came from the Latham Brothers with a screen-projection machine, which Edison answered with his "Vitascope", shown in New York in 1896. This showed pictures with accompanying sound, but there was some difficulty with synchronization. Edison also experimented with captions at this early date.In 1880 he filed a patent for a magnetic ore separator, the first of nearly sixty. He bought up deposits of low-grade iron ore which had been developed in the north of New Jersey. The process was a commercial success until the discovery of iron-rich ore in Minnesota rendered it uneconomic and uncompetitive. In 1898 cement rock was discovered in New Village, west of West Orange. Edison bought the land and started cement manufacture, using kilns twice the normal length and using half as much fuel to heat them as the normal type of kiln. In 1893 he met Henry Ford, who was building his second car, at an Edison convention. This started him on the development of a battery for an electric car on which he made over 9,000 experiments. In 1903 he sold his patent for wireless telegraphy "for a song" to Guglielmo Marconi.In 1910 Edison designed a prefabricated concrete house. In December 1914 fire destroyed three-quarters of the West Orange plant, but it was at once rebuilt, and with the threat of war Edison started to set up his own plants for making all the chemicals that he had previously been buying from Europe, such as carbolic acid, phenol, benzol, aniline dyes, etc. He was appointed President of the Navy Consulting Board, for whom, he said, he made some forty-five inventions, "but they were pigeonholed, every one of them". Thus did Edison find that the Navy did not take kindly to civilian interference.In 1927 he started the Edison Botanic Research Company, founded with similar investment from Ford and Firestone with the object of finding a substitute for overseas-produced rubber. In the first year he tested no fewer than 3,327 possible plants, in the second year, over 1,400, eventually developing a variety of Golden Rod which grew to 14 ft (4.3 m) in height. However, all this effort and money was wasted, due to the discovery of synthetic rubber.In October 1929 he was present at Henry Ford's opening of his Dearborn Museum to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the incandescent lamp, including a replica of the Menlo Park laboratory. He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and was elected to the American Academy of Sciences. He died in 1931 at his home, Glenmont; throughout the USA, lights were dimmed temporarily on the day of his funeral.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the American Academy of Sciences. Congressional Gold Medal.Further ReadingM.Josephson, 1951, Edison, Eyre \& Spottiswode.R.W.Clark, 1977, Edison, the Man who Made the Future, Macdonald \& Jane.IMcN
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